University of Toronto Centre for International Studies

Sylvia Ostry is Distinguished Research Fellow, Centre for International Studies, University of Toronto. She has a Ph.D. in economics from McGill University and Cambridge. After teaching and research at a number of Canadian universities and at the University of Oxford Institute of Statistics she joined the Federal Government in 1964. Among the posts she held were Chief Statistician, Deputy Minister of Consumer and Corporate Affairs, Chairman of the Economic Council of Canada, Deputy Minister of International Trade, Ambassador for Multilateral Trade Negotiations and the Prime Minister's Personal Representative for the Economic Summit. From 1979 to 1983 she was Head of the Economics and Statistics Department of the OECD in Paris. In 1989 she was Volvo Distinguished Visiting Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations, New York.

 
She has received 18 honorary degrees from universities in Canada and abroad and, in 1987, received the Outstanding Achievement Award of the Government of Canada. In December, 1990 she was made a Companion of the Order of Canada, the highest award in the Canadian national system of honours. In June, 1991 she was admitted as a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada.

She is a director of a number of international instittutions and private corporations. Her most recent publications include The Post-Cold War Trading System: Who’s On First?, University of Chicago Press, 1997, and A New Regime for Foreign Direct Investment, Group of Thirty, Washington, D.C., 1997.
 

Alan Alexandroff is currently the Director of Research for the Program on Conflict Management and Negotiation at the University of Toronto and a Principal of LECG, Inc., an economic, finance and strategic management consulting firm. Dr. Alexandroff received his B.A., cum laude, with distinction in all subjects, from Cornell University in 1972, his M.A. from the London School of Economics and Political Science in 1974 and his Ph.D in government from Cornell University in 1979.

Dr. Alexandroff obtained his LL.B. at the McGill School in 1984. Dr. Alexandroff has written and spoken on a variety of trade and global economic subjects. In 1994, Dr. Alexandroff was the project consultant on the international economy for the Canada 21 Project. In September, 1994, Dr. Alexandroff and Dr. Sylvia Ostry completed "The Challenge of Global Trade, Investment and Finance for Canada," one of the four position papers prepared for the Special Joint Committee of the Senate and the House of Commons reviewing Canadian Foreign Policy. He has written recent articles on Canada’s trade policy, China-Mexico trade in NAFTA, and is preparing a piece on the implications of Jackson-Vanik for China’s accession to the WTO.

Team Members

 
Deborah Cass currently teaches international trade law, Australian constitutional law and European Community law at the Australian National University, Canberra, Australia. She has formerly held positions at the Centre for Comparative Constitutional Studies at the University of Melbourne investigating Asian and Pacific constitutional systems and federal regulatory models, and at the International Commission of Inquiry into the Worked-Out Phosphate Lands of Nauru. Deborah Cass holds an LL.B from the University of Melbourne (1989), an LL.M from Harvard University (1995) and is currently a doctoral candidate at Harvard. She is a recipient of the Lionel Murphy Scholarship (1992), the European Community Visitors Award (1993), and the Caltex National Woman Graduate of the Year (1993). She has published across a number of fields, in international law, European Community law and constitutional law. Her publications include: "Navigating the Newstream: Recent Critical Legal Scholarship in International Law," Nordic Journal of International Law (in press); "The Word to Save Maastricht? The Principle of Subsidiarity and the Division of Powers in the European Community," 29 Common Market Law Review 1107 (1992); "Rethinking Self-Determination: A Critical Analysis of Current International Law Theories," 18 Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce 21 (1992); "A Quiet Revolution: The Exclusive Economic Zone and Foreign Fishing Access in the Pacific," 16 Melbourne University Law Review 83 (1987).

Jerome A. Cohen is a partner in the international law firm of Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison and a law professor at New York University School of Law. Mr. Cohen specializes in business law relating to Asia and has long represented foreign companies in contract negotiations and dispute resolution in China, Vietnam and other countries of East Asia. Mr. Cohen is a Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Yale College (BA 1951) and was graduated in 1955 from Yale Law School. He was Law Secretary to Chief Justice Earl Warren of the United States Supreme Court in the 1955 term and Law Secrtary to Justice Felix Frankfurter of the Supreme Court in the 1956 term, served as an Assistant US Attorney for the District of Columbia and was a consultant to the US Senate Committee on Foreign Relations. Mr. Cohen formerly served as Professor, Director of East Asian Legal Studies and Associate Dean at Harvard Law School. At New York University Law School, he teaches courses on "legal Problems of Doing Business with East Asia" and "International Law - East and West". He has published several books and many articles on Chinese law as well as a general book, "China Today", written with his wife, Joan Lebold Cohen. In 1990, he published "Investment Law and Practice in Vietnam", with the cooperation of NN Bich of the Paul Weiss office in Ho Chi Minh City and Ta Van Tai.

Merit E. Janow is Professor in the Practice of International Trade at Columbia University. Professor Janow joined the Columbia faculty in 1994. She teaches graduate courses in U.S. economic and trade policy at the School of International and Public Affairs and International Trade Law at Columbia Law School. She is co-director of the APEC Study Centre and also serves on the faculty of the East Asian Institute and the Centre on Japanese Economy and Business at Columbia Business School. From 1980-1985, Professor Janow was a member of the Professional Staff of the Hudson Institute, based initially in Tokyo and then in New York. She was Associate Director of the Institute’s corporate program and conducted international business and policy analyses for major U.S. and foreign companies as well as policy studies for the U.S. government. From 1990-1993, she was Deputy Assistant U.S. Trade Representative for Japan and China. Prior to joining USTR, Professor Janow was an Associate at Skadden, Arps, Slate, Meagher & Flom. She resided in Japan for over ten years and speaks and reads Japanese. Professor Janow has a B.A. in Asian Studies from the University of Michigan and a J.D. from Columbia Law School.

Nicholas R. Lardy is a Senior Fellow in the Foreign Policy Studies program at the Brookings Institution, having joined the staff in September 1995. Lardy came to Brookings from the University of Washington, where he was director of the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies since 1991. Before his directorship, Lardy had been professor of international studies at the University of Washington since 1985 and an associate professor from 1983-1985. He was the chair of the China Program from 1984-1989. He worked at Yale University from 1975-1983, where he was assistant director of the Economic Growth Center from 1979-1982. Lardy has written and edited numerous articles and books on the Chinese economy. His current project, China's Unfinished Economic Transition, will evaluate the reform of China’s banking system and measure the economic consequences of deferring reform in the state-owned sector. Some of his other publications include: "The Role of Foreign Trade and Investment in China’s Economic Transformation" in China Quarterly, No. 144 (December 1995), China in the World Economy (Institute for International Economics, 1994), "Chinese Foreign Trade," China Quarterly, No. 131 (September 1992); and "Is China Different? The Fate of its Economic Reform" in The Crisis of Leninism and the Decline of the Left, edited by Daniel Chirot (University of Washington Press, 1991).

Jean-Pierre Leng is a Special Adviser to Sir Leon Brittan, EC Commission Vice President and former head of the EU delegation to the WTO and international organizations in Geneva. Mr. Leng has had years of preparation in the international arena. After completing a graduate degree in economics Mr. Leng worked for nearly ten years (1959-68) as European Commission administrator and delegate to the OECD. Leng spent most of the 1970s in Washington, first as a counsellor in charge of trade affairs and then as deputy head of the EC’s delegation. Mr. Leng was then sent to Paris as the EC’s Ambassador to the OECD after which he was Chief EC textile negotiator and Ambassador to Japan. Leng’s most recent assignment was planning the WTO's first ministerial meeting, held in December 1996 in Singapore.

Pitman B. Potter is Professor of Law and Director of Chinese Legal Studies at the University of British Columbia. he is also a consultant to the Vancouver law firm of Ladner Downs. Professor Potter received his BA in Chinese Studies (History) from George Washington University in 1978. He pursued graduate studies at the University of Washington, where he received hi MA (1980) and Ph.D. (Political Science, 1996) as well as his law degree (JD, 1985).

Dr.Potter practiced law full time beginning in 1985, including a three year posting in Beijing as a resident attorney. in addition to his current research and teaching activities, Professor Potter continues to advise government's and private companies on Chinese affairs. Dr.Potter is currently working on three major projects in China, involving (a) intellectual property rights, innovation and economic development; (b) the interplay between globalization and local norms on property rights; and (c) legal and political issue attendant to China's application to join the WTO.

Dr.Potter's publications include Legitimization and Contract Autonomy in the PRC: The Contract Law of China (1992), Domestic Law Reforms in Post-Mao China (1994), and Foreign Business Law in China: Past progress Future Challenges (1995), as well as over thirty major articles and book chapters on Chinese law and politics.

Yi Xiaozhun is a graduate of international trade from Beijing University. Mr. Yi is currently the Director of GATT (WTO) Division, Department of International Trade and Economic Relations, MOFTEC. Since 1994, he has also concurrently served as a Research Fellow at the International Trade Research Institute, University of International Business and Economics.

Mr. Yi has co-authored and co-edited the following books: GATT: A Handbook I, Beijing, 1992; GATT: A Handbook II, 1993; Introduction to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, Beijing, 1993; and more recently, How Can China Return to the "Economic United Nations," Beijing, 1993. Mr. Yi’s lectures have ranged over such topics as "China and GATT," and "Sino-U.S. Trade Relations."

Jungho Yoo is currently both a Senior Fellow at the Korea Development Institute and also Member, Customs and Tariff Deliberation Committee, Ministry of Finance and Economy, Korea. He received his Ph.D. in Economics from the University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1978. He also was Assistant Professor of economics at Wheaton College, Massachusetts. Dr. Yoo’s publications in English include: "Renewing the U.S. GSP Program: A Korean View of the Graduation Issue," KDI, 1984; "More Free Trade Areas: A Korean Perspective," co-authored with Dr. Park Yung-chul, in Jeffrey J. Schott (ed.), Free Trade Areas and U.S. Trade Policy, Institute for International Economics, Washington, D.C., 1989; "The Trilateral Trade Relation Among the Asian NIEs, the U.S. and Japan," in Lo Fu-chen and N. Akrasanee (eds), The Future of Asia-Pacific Economies, Asian and Pacific Development Centre, New Delhi: Allied Publishers, 1992; "The Industrial Policy of the 1970s and the Evolution of the Manufacturing Sector in Korea," KDI Working Paper No. 9017, KDI, 1990; "Political Economy of Protection Structure in Korea," in Ito and Krueger (eds), Trade and Protectionism, NBER-East Asia Seminar on Economics, Vol. 2, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1993; Industrialization and the State: The Korean Heavy and Chemical Industry Drive, Harvard Institute for International Development and Korea Development Institute (Co-authors: J. Stern, J. Kim, D. Perkins), 1995.

Masaru Yoshitomi is currently Vice-Chairman, Research Institute of Long-Term Credit Bank of Japan and Visiting Executive Professor, Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. Dr. Yoshitomi graduated from the graduate course of economic theory, the University of Tokyo; Ph.D. in Economics, from the University of Tokyo (1965). He later joined the Economic Planning Agency (EPA), as a government official. He has experience in several international jobs including at the OECD and IMF.

 
Dr.Yoshitomi’s main publications include: America’s Great Depression (1965); Main Issues in Development Economics: Why Growth Rates Differ between Taiwan and Other Parts of Developing Asia (1976); Analysis of the Current Japanese Economy (1977), for which he was awarded Nikkei Prize of Economics Books from the Nihon Keizai Shimbun; Transition from High to Medium Growth in Japan (1978); Japan in the Changing World Economy (1981); and The Japanese Economy under Reagan’s Policies (1984).
 

Advisory Group
 

Sarah Biddulph is a lecturer in the Law School, Australian National University. She has been Associate Director-China of the Asian Law Centre since 1989. Ms. Biddulph currently teaches Chinese law at the undergraduate and graduate programs at the ANU, including "Law and Society in China" and "International Economic Law China". In 1995 she taught the graduate program in China in conjunction with professors from the China University of Politics and Law, Beijing. She has taught in the Summer Program in Chinese law at East China Institute of Politics and Law, Shanghai, organized in conjunction with Willamette University, Portland, Oregon. Her main research interests are Chinese administrative law, Chinese legal theory and culture and regulation of police conduct and criminal procedure.
 

Michael Brownrigg has been involved in international trade negotiations for the last eight years, including spending two-and-a-half years at the Office of the US Trade Representative. He has just returned from three years in Hong Kong where he participated in negotiations with Hong Kong and China on aviation, intellectual property and investment, among other matters. He spent 1996-97 on a State Department-sponsored fellowship to the Pacific Council on International Policy, a USC-based organization that examines developments in the Pacific Rim and their impact on the United States, especially the western United States. He is now Vice President of ChinaVest Inc., San Francisco.

 Robert Herzstein served as the first Under Secretary for International Trade in the U.S. Department of Commerce. He has practiced law in Washington, D.C. for over 30 years, advising U.S. and foreign companies, trade associations, and governments on international trade, foreign investment and government regulation of business. He was lead counsel for Mexico in the North American Free Trade negotiations, and previously advised Canada and Israel in their negotiations of Free Trade Agreements with the United States.  Mr. Herzstein also was responsible for negotiation on behalf of the U.S. government of certain issues left open under the various GATT codes after the Tokyo Round negotiations, as well as for organizing the US government’s implementation of its responsibilities under the Tokyo Round. He is a member of the Council on foreign Relations. He is a director and former Chairman of the International Law Institute and the International Human Rights Law Group, and a director of the Council of the Americas and of Partners for a Democratic Change. He is a graduate of Harvard College, where he was elected to Phi  Beta Kappa, and Harvard Law School, where he was an editor of the Harvard Law Review.
 
 

Wenguo Cai is Senior Research Associate in the Centre for Trade Policy and Law in Ottawa. He joined the Centre in 1991 after completing his Master’s degree in Public Administration at Carleton University. In the last six years, Cai has been involved in various research and training projects at the Centre. He was the principal investigator of the three-year China and GATT/WTO research project and one of the editors of the publication entitled China and the World Trade Organization: Requirements, Realities, and Resolution. His recent research interests focus on trade policy development in developing countries and transition economies, particularly those relating to China and other Asia-Pacific nations. Through various international projects, Cai has lectured extensively in Canada, China, Vietnam, Russia, and Pakistan on the issues of GATT/WTO accession and implementation of the Uruguay Round agreements. His recent publications on the topic include "Pakistan and the Uruguay Round Agreements: Issues, Implementation, and Impact," in Occasional Papers in International Trade Policy and Law, no. 44 (April 1997); "Vietnam’s Accession to the World Trade Organization: Background and Issues," Journal of World Trade, 30, no. 6 (December 1996); and "China’s Accession to the WTO: What Canada Can Contribute" which was his testimony before the Canadian Senate Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs on November 6, 1996.

Robert Chu is Associate Professor of Law at Rutgers Law School (Newark). Before joining the Rutgers faculty, he was Senior Fellow at Harvard, where he co-ordinated the Research Workshop on the World Trading System. His current research interests include the managerial turn in international economic regulation and legal transformation in East Asia. Professor Chu is a graduate of MIT with an S.B and S.M. in electrical engineering. He received his J.D. from, and is an S.J.D candidate at, Harvard.

 
David Wall taught economics at the University of Sussex from 1965 until 1996 and was founder and Director of the Chinese Economy Programme from 1987 until 1996. He has held visiting positions at several universities including Chicago, Wisconsin, Oxford (Nuffield College), and Australian National University and has served as a consultant to several national and international agencies including the UK, Australian, Chinese and Mozambique governments and the World Bank, OECD, UNCTAD, UNIDO and the ITC. In China he has directed or co-directed research and exchange programmes with the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (Institute of Economics and Finance and Trade Economics), Fudan University and the Shanghai University of Economics and Finance and has participated in projects involving several other institutions in Xiamen, Shanghai and Beijing. His most recent publications are "Outflows of Capital from China" - an OECD Development Centre Technical Paper; "China’s Open Door," Brookings for the RIIA with Jiang Boke and Yin Xiangshuo); and "China’s Long March to an Open Economy", OECD Development Centre Study (with Kiichiro Fukasaku).